Appendix 9: Background data
Employment outcomes of people with and without disabilities
Table 1: Labour force participation and unemployment rates of people with and without disability
| |
People with disabilities (%) |
People without disability (%) |
| 1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
| Labour force participation rate |
54.9% |
53.2% |
53.2% |
76.9% |
80.1% |
80.6% |
| Unemployment rate |
17.8% |
11.5% |
8.6% |
12.0% |
7.8% |
5.0% |
Source: ABS, 2003, p26; Productivity Commission, Volume 2: Appendices, pA.2. Persons aged 15-64 years living in households.
Table 2: Labour force participation and unemployment rates of people with disabilities, by type of restriction
| |
Labour force participation rate (%) |
Unemployment rate (%) |
| 1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
1993 |
1998 |
2003 |
| Profound |
19.9 |
18.9 |
15.2 |
20.9 |
7.4 |
13.9 |
| Severe |
39.9 |
40.2 |
35.8 |
22.2 |
11.6 |
9.5 |
| Moderate |
42.9 |
46.3 |
47.9 |
18.0 |
13.1 |
7.6 |
| Mild |
51.3 |
56.5 |
50.6 |
18.5 |
9.3 |
7.7 |
| All persons with restrictions |
46.5 |
49.3 |
47.7 |
21.0 |
11.7 |
9.9 |
Source: ABS, 2003, p26; Productivity Commission, Volume 2: Appendices, pA.6. Persons aged 15-64 years living in households.
Table 3: Labour force participation and unemployment rates of males and females with and without disability, 1998 and 2003
| |
Labour force participation (%) |
Unemployment rates (%) |
| 1998 |
2003 |
1998 |
2003 |
| Females |
| With disability |
45.5 |
46.9 |
8.6 |
8.3 |
| Without disability |
71.0 |
72.2 |
8.0 |
5.3 |
| Males |
| With disability |
60.3 |
59.3 |
13.5 |
8.8 |
| Without disability |
89.2 |
88.9 |
7.7 |
4.8 |
Source: ABS, 2003, p26; ABS, 1998, p35. Persons aged 15-64 years living in households
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Table 4: Occupation type of people with disabilities
| Occupation |
People with disabilities (%) |
People without disability (%) |
| Managers and administrators |
8.4 |
8.1 |
| Professionals |
18.4 |
19.2 |
| Associate professionals |
9.6 |
13.4 |
| Tradespersons and related workers |
11.9 |
12.8 |
| Advanced clerical and service workers |
4.4 |
4.0 |
| Intermediate clerical, sales and service workers |
16.3 |
17.1 |
| Intermediate production and transport workers |
10.6 |
7.7 |
| Elementary clerical, sales and service workers |
9.5 |
9.8 |
| Labourers and related workers |
10.9 |
7.9 |
| Total |
100% |
100% |
Source: ABS, 2003, Disability, Ageing and Carers, Australia, 2003. Cat. No. 4430.0
Table 5: Extent to which current workplace features suit the needs of people with disabilities
| |
Not at all |
Little extent |
Some extent |
Great extent |
Don't know |
| Building entry and exits |
0 |
9 |
46 |
43 |
2 |
| Signage |
9 |
32 |
46 |
13 |
0 |
| Office access |
4 |
14 |
43 |
39 |
0 |
| Work spaces |
5 |
18 |
45 |
32 |
0 |
| Toilets |
5 |
25 |
32 |
36 |
2 |
| Kitchen amenities |
19 |
37 |
25 |
19 |
0 |
| Car parking facilities |
12 |
21 |
35 |
23 |
9 |
| Meeting/conference room facilities |
4 |
21 |
45 |
29 |
2 |
Source: Erebus International, Survey of APS Staff, 2005
Figure 1: Extent to which office equipment in the workplace suit the needs of people with disabilities
Source: Erebus International, Survey of APS Staff, 2005
Table 6: Extent to which barriers exist for people with disabilities in their employment
| |
Not at all
% |
Little extent
% |
Some extent
% |
Great extent
% |
Don't know
% |
| Limited access to work premises and / or facilities |
12 |
21 |
48 |
19 |
0 |
| Negative attitudes of others in the workplace |
15 |
7 |
44 |
35 |
0 |
| Poor or inappropriate forms of communication |
7 |
17 |
48 |
26 |
2 |
| Limited career progression opportunities |
11 |
11 |
36 |
40 |
2 |
| Ability to access professional development/training |
19 |
26 |
28 |
25 |
2 |
| Ability to apply for jobs in formats that suit their needs |
15 |
20 |
25 |
35 |
5 |
| Ability to participate in selection processes that are appropriate for their needs |
9 |
20 |
26 |
33 |
11 |
| Advertisement of positions in ways that discourage applications from people with disabilities |
9 |
24 |
33 |
26 |
7 |
Source: Erebus International, Survey of APS Staff, 2005
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Appendix 10: Performance indicators in the Canadian annual performance report
Indicators of progress
Disability supports
- Aids and devices needed for everyday activities
- Help needed for everyday activities
- Home modifications
- Supports for informal caregivers
- Transportation
- Information in multiple formats
Income
- Household income
- Persons living in low-income households
- Major source of personal income
- Supports for informal caregivers
- Food security
- Net worth
Skills development and learning
- Children/youths aged 5 to 24 attending school
- Working-age adults with post-secondary diplomas or degrees
- Levels of literacy
Capacity of the disability community
- Human resource capacity
- Financial resource capacity
- Structural and systems capacity
Employment
- Employment rate
- Persons employed all year
- Hourly wage
- Employers providing facilities, equipment or aids to accommodate people with disabilities
- Persons employed in the federal public service, in federally regulated workplaces and by federal contractors
- Persons receiving workplace training
Health and well-being
- Health status
- Impact of chronic conditions
- Impact of mental conditions
- Impact of violence
- Impact of injuries
- Impact of individual behavioural factors
- Impact of environmental factors
Source: Office for Disability Issues, Social Development Canada, (2004), p.6
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Appendix 11:References
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Australian Bureau of Statistics (2003). Disability, Ageing and Carers: Summary of Findings, 2003, Publication Number 4430.0.
Australian Public Service Commission (2004). State of the Service Report 2003-04.
Australian Public Service Commission (2005). State of the Service Report 2004-05.
Office for Disability Issues, Social Development Canada, (2004), Advancing the Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities: A Government of Canada Report
Davis, Ken (2005), ‘Should we treat all unemployed people equally?', posted at On Line Opinion, Australia's e-journal of social and political debate, Wednesday, 28 September 2005, accessed at http://www. onlineopinion.com.au
Director of Equal Opportunity in Public Employment (2003), accessed at http://www.eeo.nsw.gov.au/aboutus/ar2003.htm.
Disability Discrimination Act 1992 (Australia)
French Secretary of State for People (January 2003), The Europeans, p.6
Gittins, R. (2005), ‘The Changing Shape of Workplace Muscle', Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday, October 12, p.17.
KPMG Consulting (1999), Evaluation of the Commonwealth Disability Strategy
Matherlee, K (2003), Bridging Silos, Part II: DI, SSI, Medicare, and Medicaid Issues and Initiatives National Health Policy Forum Background Paper, George Washington University, November 14, 2003
Mental Health Council of Australia (September 2004), Investing in Australia's future: the personal, social and economic benefits of good mental health, p6.
New Zealand Ministry of Health, Making a world of difference (Whakanui Oranga): The New Zealand Disability Strategy Discussion Document
Office of Disability, Australian Government Department of Families and Community Services (2000), Commonwealth Disability Strategy
Office of Disability, Australian Government Department of Families and Community Services (2000), A Guide to the Performance Reporting Framework Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2003), Employment Outlook: Towards more and better jobs, p141.
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2003), Transforming Disability into Ability, Policies to Promote Work and Income Security for People with disabilities, p29.
Productivity Commission (2004), Review of the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, Volume 2: Appendices, pA.4
United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry, White paper
United Kingdom Disability Discrimination Act (amended in 2005)
United Kingdom Prime Minister's Strategy Unit (March 2005), Improving the Life Chances of People With Disabilities