Stronger Families in Australia study: the impact of Communities for Children
Appendix A: Selective attrition
Table A1: Probability of participation from Wave 1
to Wave 3
| Parameter |
DF |
Estimate |
Standard error |
Wald chi-square |
Probability >
chi-square |
| Intercept |
1 |
–0.47 |
1.23 |
0.15 |
0.7012 |
| Main effects |
| Study child gender |
1 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
1.25 |
0.2628 |
| Study child Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.13 |
0.23 |
0.6304 |
| Mother’s education |
Less than Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.35 |
0.13 |
7.18 |
0.0074 |
Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.00 |
0.15 |
0.00 |
0.9960 |
Other post-secondary vs degree |
1 |
0.25 |
0.12 |
4.64 |
0.0313 |
| Mother’s employment |
Employed vs not in labour force |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.14 |
0.00 |
0.9443 |
Unemployed vs not in labour force |
1 |
0.02 |
0.20 |
0.01 |
0.9341 |
| Father’s involvement/occupation |
Employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.46 |
0.13 |
12.66 |
0.0004 |
Not employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.03 |
0.16 |
0.04 |
0.8403 |
| Parent born overseas |
1 |
0.35 |
0.08 |
18.14 |
<0.0001 |
| CFC site |
1 |
–0.45 |
1.22 |
0.13 |
0.7148 |
| Parental income |
1 |
–8.00e–05 |
1.61e–04 |
0.24 |
0.6248 |
| Mother’s age |
1 |
–3.09e–02 |
1.33e–02 |
5.40 |
0.0201 |
| Child number of injuries requiring medical attention |
1 |
–0.10 |
0.10 |
1.00 |
0.3165 |
| Child physical health |
1 |
–2.21e–03 |
8.61e–03 |
0.07 |
0.7970 |
| Parent general health |
1 |
–0.03 |
0.08 |
0.14 |
0.7118 |
| Parent mental health |
1 |
–0.16 |
0.12 |
1.83 |
0.1763 |
| Hostile parenting |
1 |
–0.04 |
0.06 |
0.34 |
0.5570 |
| Parenting self-efficacy |
1 |
0.23 |
0.14 |
2.58 |
0.1085 |
| Quality of home learning environment |
1 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.07 |
0.7952 |
| Support in raising children |
1 |
–0.11 |
0.09 |
1.52 |
0.2169 |
| Involvement in community service activity |
1 |
–0.60 |
0.20 |
8.61 |
0.0034 |
| Neighbourhood as a place to bring up children |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.08 |
0.03 |
0.8722 |
| Community social cohesion |
1 |
0.15 |
0.12 |
1.44 |
0.2309 |
| Community facilities |
1 |
–0.11 |
0.07 |
2.39 |
0.1222 |
| Unmet service needs |
1 |
0.15 |
0.14 |
1.12 |
0.2891 |
| Interaction effects with CfC |
| Study child gender |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.07 |
0.01 |
0.9205 |
| Study child Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander |
1 |
–0.04 |
0.13 |
0.10 |
0.7517 |
| Mother’s education |
Less than Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
–0.04 |
0.13 |
0.10 |
0.7515 |
Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.08 |
0.15 |
0.25 |
0.6184 |
Other post-secondary vs degree |
1 |
–0.03 |
0.12 |
0.07 |
0.7916 |
| Mother’s employment |
Employed vs not in labour force |
1 |
0.00 |
0.14 |
0.00 |
0.9836 |
Unemployed vs not in labour force |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
0.04 |
0.8495 |
| Father’s involvement/occupation |
Employed vs no father |
1 |
0.01 |
0.13 |
0.01 |
0.9093 |
Not employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.26 |
0.16 |
2.52 |
0.1126 |
| Parent born overseas |
1 |
0.06 |
0.08 |
0.57 |
0.4508 |
| Parental income |
1 |
–8.00e–05 |
1.61e–04 |
0.24 |
0.6212 |
| Mother’s age |
1 |
–1.49e–02 |
1.31e–02 |
1.29 |
0.2552 |
| Child physical health |
1 |
7.61e–03 |
8.61e–03 |
0.78 |
0.3769 |
| Child number of injuries requiring medical attention |
1 |
–0.05 |
0.10 |
0.20 |
0.6511 |
| Parent general health |
1 |
0.16 |
0.12 |
1.95 |
0.1623 |
| Parent mental health |
1 |
0.01 |
0.06 |
0.03 |
0.8692 |
| Hostile parenting |
1 |
–0.05 |
0.14 |
0.13 |
0.7145 |
| Parenting self-efficacy |
1 |
0.03 |
0.11 |
0.06 |
0.8020 |
| Quality of home learning environment |
1 |
0.11 |
0.20 |
0.32 |
0.5740 |
| Support in raising children |
1 |
–0.02 |
0.08 |
0.04 |
0.8359 |
| Involvement in community service activity |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.12 |
0.27 |
0.6018 |
| Neighbourhood as a place to bring up children |
1 |
0.05 |
0.07 |
0.44 |
0.5057 |
| Service use |
1 |
0.07 |
0.14 |
0.27 |
0.6007 |
Note: e denotes an exponent. All the numbers in the table
have negative exponent which implies taking the decimal point back. For
example –8.00e–05 is actually –0.00008.
Table A2: Probability of participation from Wave 1
to Wave 2
| Parameter |
DF |
Estimate |
Standard error |
Wald chi-square |
Probability >
chi-square |
| Intercept |
1 |
0.39 |
1.63 |
0.06 |
0.8102 |
| Main effects |
| Study child gender |
1 |
0.08 |
0.09 |
0.77 |
0.3807 |
| Study child Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.19 |
0.11 |
0.7418 |
| Mother’s education |
Less than Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.46 |
0.18 |
6.69 |
0.0097 |
Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
0.06 |
0.806 |
Other post-secondary vs degree |
1 |
0.35 |
0.16 |
4.54 |
0.0332 |
| Mother’s employment |
Employed vs not in labour force |
1 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
0.93 |
0.3344 |
Unemployed vs not in labour force |
1 |
–0.24 |
0.30 |
0.62 |
0.4311 |
| Father’s involvement/occupation |
Employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.50 |
0.17 |
8.28 |
0.004 |
Not employed vs no father |
1 |
0.02 |
0.21 |
0.01 |
0.929 |
| Parent born overseas |
1 |
0.36 |
0.11 |
11.04 |
0.0009 |
| CFC site |
1 |
–2.01 |
1.63 |
1.52 |
0.217 |
| Parental income |
1 |
9.80e–05 |
2.06e–04 |
0.23 |
0.6334 |
| Mother’s age |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.02 |
11.63 |
0.0006 |
| Child physical health |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.01 |
0.21 |
0.65 |
| Child number of injuries requiring medical attention |
1 |
–0.42 |
0.19 |
4.93 |
0.0264 |
| Parent general health |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.10 |
0.02 |
0.8996 |
| Parent mental health |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.16 |
0.12 |
0.7296 |
| Hostile parenting |
1 |
–0.13 |
0.09 |
2.41 |
0.1208 |
| Parenting self-efficacy |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.19 |
0.10 |
0.7494 |
| Quality of home learning environment |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
0.02 |
0.8792 |
| Support in raising children |
1 |
–0.13 |
0.12 |
1.17 |
0.2798 |
| Involvement in community service activity |
1 |
–0.43 |
0.28 |
2.43 |
0.1192 |
| Neighbourhood as a place to bring up children |
1 |
–0.02 |
0.11 |
0.05 |
0.8255 |
| Community social cohesion |
1 |
0.30 |
0.17 |
3.13 |
0.077 |
| Community facilities |
1 |
–0.03 |
0.09 |
0.08 |
0.7795 |
| Service use |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.16 |
0.11 |
0.736 |
| Interaction effects with CfC |
| Study child gender |
1 |
0.07 |
0.09 |
0.55 |
0.4572 |
| Study child Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander |
1 |
0.25 |
0.19 |
1.77 |
0.1828 |
| Mother’s education |
Less than Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.17 |
0.18 |
0.92 |
0.337 |
Year 12 vs degree |
1 |
0.02 |
0.22 |
0.01 |
0.9176 |
Other post-secondary vs degree |
1 |
0.10 |
0.16 |
0.35 |
0.554 |
| Mother’s employment |
Employed vs not in labour force |
1 |
0.21 |
0.19 |
1.19 |
0.2759 |
Unemployed vs not in labour force |
1 |
–0.08 |
0.30 |
0.07 |
0.7949 |
| Father’s involvement/occupation |
Employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.10 |
0.17 |
0.34 |
0.5616 |
Not employed vs no father |
1 |
–0.14 |
0.21 |
0.44 |
0.5053 |
| Parent born overseas |
1 |
–0.05 |
0.11 |
0.21 |
0.6459 |
| Parental income |
1 |
2.30e–04 |
2.06e–04 |
1.24 |
0.2647 |
| Mother’s age |
1 |
–0.01 |
0.02 |
0.67 |
0.4138 |
| Child physical health |
1 |
0.00 |
0.01 |
0.07 |
0.7897 |
| Child number of injuries requiring medical attention |
1 |
–0.08 |
0.19 |
0.17 |
0.6818 |
| Parent general health |
1 |
0.12 |
0.16 |
0.63 |
0.4282 |
| Parent mental health |
1 |
0.07 |
0.09 |
0.58 |
0.4477 |
| Hostile parenting |
1 |
0.00 |
0.19 |
0.00 |
0.9971 |
| Parenting self-efficacy |
1 |
0.13 |
0.14 |
0.78 |
0.3784 |
| Quality of home learning environment |
1 |
–0.06 |
0.28 |
0.05 |
0.8278 |
| Support in raising children |
1 |
0.08 |
0.11 |
0.47 |
0.4943 |
| Involvement in community service activity |
1 |
0.11 |
0.16 |
0.42 |
0.5185 |
| Neighbourhood as a place to bring up children |
1 |
–0.07 |
0.09 |
0.49 |
0.4825 |
| Service use |
1 |
0.00 |
0.16 |
0.00 |
0.9955 |
Note: e denotes an exponent. All the numbers in the table
have negative exponent which implies taking the decimal point back. For
example –2.30e–05 is actually –0.000023.
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